Discrimination Of Sexual Minorities In The Workplace Social Work Essay Essay Example

Discrimination Of Sexual Minorities In The Workplace Social Work Essay Essay Example Discrimination Of Sexual Minorities In The Workplace Social Work Essay Essay Discrimination Of Sexual Minorities In The Workplace Social Work Essay Essay Qualified, hardworking Americans are denied occupation chances, fired or otherwise discriminated against merely because they are sapphic, homosexual, bisexual or transgender ( LGBT ) ( Human Right Campaign ) . Even with the passing and enforcement of employment anti-discrimination Torahs, statistics show that individuals with minority position such as people of colour, individuals with disablements and adult females continue to see favoritism in the workplace, peculiarly sexual minorities LGBT individuals ( Niles A ; Harris-Bowlsbey, 2005 ) . LGBT persons who are besides cultural minorities are at an even greater disadvantage, with African American transgender people doing the worst ( Grant, Mottet, Tanis, Harrison, A ; Keisling, 2001 ) . To day of the month, no federal jurisprudence exists which systematically protects LGBT persons from discriminatory patterns in the workplace. It is still legal in 29 provinces to know apart against employees and occupation appliers based on th eir sexual orientation, and legal in 38 provinces to know apart based on gender individuality ( Human Rights Campaign ) . Within the province of Florida, there are no commissariats in topographic point which officially address favoritism based on gender individuality ; nevertheless a Florida tribunal ruled that a individual with Gender Identity Disorder ( gender dysphoria ) is within the disablement coverage under the Florida Human Rights Act, every bit good as subdivisions of the act that proscribe favoritism based on sensed disablement. There is no state-wide non-discrimination jurisprudence that protects persons based on sexual orientation ( Human Rights Campaign ) . Vocational psychological science research workers, practicians, and LGBT advocators have made important efforts to name attending to the vocational concerns and demands of both cultural and sexual minority groups. Over the past few decennaries, work favoritism has become a subject of involvement in the fast growth literature sing the vocational issues and challenges of LGBT individuals ( Chung, 2001 ; Gedro, 2009 ; Loo A ; Rocco, 2009 ; ONeil, McWhirter, A ; Cerezo, 2008 ) . Work Discrimination Chung ( 2001 ) defined work favoritism as, unjust and negative intervention of workers or occupation appliers based on personal properties that are irrelevant to occupation public presentation ( Chung, 2001, P. 34 ) and proposed a conceptual model that describes work favoritism along three dimensions: a ) formal versus informal, B ) perceived versus existent, and degree Celsius ) possible versus encountered. Formal favoritism refers to institutional policies or determinations that influence one s employment position, occupation assignment, and compensation. Informal favoritism refers to workplace behaviours or environments that are unwelcoming. Perceived favoritism refers to Acts of the Apostless perceived to be prejudiced ; whereas, existent favoritism is based in actuality/reality. Potential favoritism refers to favoritism that could happen if a individuals LGBT individuality is either revealed or assumed. Encountered favoritism refers to prejudiced Acts of the Apostless one exp eriences. Findingss from Research on Work Discrimination against LGBT individuals Following is a brief overview of some of the recent research findings on work favoritism of LGBT persons. In their study entitled Bias in the Workplace, Badgett, Lau, Sears, and Ho ( 2007 ) summarized research findings about employment favoritism of LGBT individuals from four different sorts of surveies throughout the United States. Surveys of LGBT individuals experiences with workplace favoritism ( self-reports and co-worker perceptual experiences ) , revealed that 16 % to 68 % of LGB individuals reported sing employment favoritism, with 57 % of transgender individuals describing the same. A important figure of heterosexual colleagues besides reported witnessing sexual orientation favoritism in the work topographic point against their LGBT equals. Of note, 12 % to 13 % of respondents in specific businesss ( e.g. , the legal profession ) reported witnessing anti-gay favoritism in employment. An analysis of employment favoritism ailments filed with governmental bureaus in provinces w here favoritism based on sexual orientation is prohibited, findings revealed that LGB individuals filed ailments at rates similar to adult females and racial minorities ( e.g. , people of colour ) . An analysis of pay derived functions between LGBT and heterosexual workers revealed that cheery work forces earn 10 % to 32 % less than heterosexual work forces with similar makings and that transgender individuals reported higher rates of unemployment ( 6 % to 60 % were unemployed ) with improbably little net incomes ( 22 % 64 % of the employed earned less than $ 25,000 per twelvemonth ) . Finally, findings from controlled experiments where research workers compare intervention of LGBT people and intervention of straight persons by showing conjectural scenarios in which research participants interact with the existent or conjectural people who are coded as homosexual or consecutive besides revealed important favoritism on the footing of sexual orientation in the workplace. Harmonizing to the American Psychological Association ( 2011 ) , those who self-identify as LGBT are peculiarly vulnerable to being socioeconomically disadvantaged ; this is of import as socioeconomic position is inextricably linked to LGBT individuals rights and overall wellbeing. Although LGBT individuals tend to be more educated in comparing to the general population, research suggests that they make significantly less money than their heterosexual and cisgender opposite numbers. In 2009, the National Center for Transgender Equality and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force published the preliminary findings of their National Transgender Discrimination Survey ( NTDS ) . A astonishing 97 % of study participants reported sing mistreatment, torment, or favoritism in some signifier on their occupations, which included privateness invasion ( 48 % said supervisors/coworkers shared information about me unsuitably and 41 % said I was asked inquiries about my transgender and surgical position ) , verbal maltreatment ( 48 % said I was referred to be the incorrect pronoun, repeatedly and on intent ) , and physical or sexual assault ( 7 % said I was a victim of sexual assault at work and 6 % said I was a victim of sexual assault at work ) . Survey respondents besides reported experiencing unemployment at twice the rate of the population, with 47 % holding experienced an inauspicious occupation outcome being fired, non hired or denied a publicity at some poin t in their callings due to their gender individuality. Similar findings were reported in the NTDS official study, Injustice at Every Turn. Other important findings were that 57 % of participants reported seeking to avoid favoritism by maintaining their gender or gender passage a secret, and 71 % by detaining the passage. Sixteen per centum reported that they had to fall back to work in the belowground economic system to gain income ( e.g. , harlotry or selling drugs ) . Unemployed respondents reported sing lay waste toing results, including dual the homelessness, 85 % more captivity, and increased negative wellness results, including twice the rate of HIV infection and about twice the rate of current drug usage to self-medicate/cope in comparing to their employed LGBT opposite numbers ( Ramos, Badgett, A ; Sears, 2011 ) . Frye ( 2001 ) argued that transgender individuals are regular marks of workplace favoritism even more consistently than their LGB opposite numbers. In an effort to guarantee professional endurance and avoid favoritism, many LGB employees choose non to come out at work ; nevertheless because transgender individuals may possess physical and behavioural features that clearly identify them as transgendered at some point in their lives ( chiefly during gender passage ) , they are more susceptible to holding their sexual minority position revealed against their will ( being outed ) . More so than LGB persons, transgender individuals are often marks of hatred offenses because of their visibleness ( Frye, 2001 ) . How/ Why Work Discrimination is related or of import to career guidance. In the United States, a dominant career-related belief is that the person controls his or her ain calling fate ( Niles A ; Harris-Bowlsbey, 2005, p. 1 ) ; nevertheless, single control is ever exercised within a context that varies based on the grade to which it supports one s calling ends. In the instance of LGBT individuals, factors such as heterosexism, socioeconomic position, and racism may curtail entree to certain occupational chances. Work favoritism in any signifier can hold a profound consequence on one s calling way and development ( Neary, 2010 ) . LGBT people face a complex set of picks that are alone to them because of their sexual minority position ( Gedro, 2009, p. 54 ) . Many of them have to face exclusion from certain types of occupations, such as simple school instructors and kid attention workers ; physical assault, verbal torment and maltreatment, devastation of belongings, ridicule, trans-phobic gags, unjust work agendas, workplace sabotage, and limitation t o their callings ( Kirk A ; Belovics, 2008, p.32 as cited in Neary, 2010 ) . In the instance of transgender persons, concerns about personal safety while at work preclude the focal point on calling involvements ( Neary, 2010 ) . Because of the big sum of energy it requires to incorporate a positive homosexual, sapphic, bisexual or transgender individuality, every bit good as header with favoritism ( within and outside of the workplace ) , calling development for such individuals to be postponed, hindered, or misdirected ( Alderson, 2003 as cited in Gedro, 2009, p.56 ; Haley, 2004 ) . Pepper and Lorah ( 2008 ) identified 3 major jobs related to the occupation hunt procedure an built-in portion of calling development which poses several challenges for transgender individuals: 1 ) possible loss of work history, 2 ) voyaging the occupation interview procedure ( many battle with assurance and self-esteem issues ) , and 3 ) if an employer asks about work experience under another name. Although somewhat different, such challenges may be generalized to LGB job-applicants as good. Helping LGBT clients fix for these jobs is indispensable in helping them in their calling pick and occupation hunt attempts ( Neary, 2010 ) . Work favoritism besides has a important impact on LGBT individuals mental province, with the most common psychological issues include increased degrees of emphasis and anxiousness, depression, deficiency of assurance, drug and intoxicant dependence ( Neary, 2010 ) , and attempted self-destruction ( Grant et. al. , 2011 ) . Implications A ; Suggested Interventions for Career Counselors Like all other clients, the LGBT client may necessitate aid with calling planning, self-assessment, calling geographic expedition, calling or occupation passages, occupation hunt schemes etcetera ( Neary, 2010 ; ONeil et. al. , 2008 ) . Career counsellors working with sexual minorities need to make a LGBT-positive/affirming guidance environment, in which clients are free to research their personal demands, involvements and values in a safe topographic point. Such an environment includes touchable and process-related signifiers of support and avowal ( e.g. , exposing quarterly newssheets from the America Psychological Association s Division 44 and other reading stuffs or paying careful attending to alone facets of assessment reading ) for LGBT clients. Intake signifiers should promote them to observe their gender presentation, and gender-neutral washrooms should be made available ( ONeil et. al. , 2008 ) . Counselors and other assisting professionals involved in the calling development procedure of LGBT persons should guarantee that they develop relevant multicultural cognition, accomplishments and consciousness for carry oning culturally appropriate calling treatments, recognizing that more traditional attacks will probably be uneffective with this peculiar population. ( Niles A ; Harris-Bowlsbey, 2001 ) . When a LGBT client nowadayss for calling guidance, counsellors should measure whether they are competent to supply the services requested ( ONeil, et. al. , 2008 ) . It is besides imperative that calling counsellors assess their personal prejudices, stereotypes, and premises about the LGBT client showing for reding. A client-centered attack is recommended given that the issue of trust edifice is critical with the LGBT population. From a narrative position, following a stance of informed non cognizing will let the LGBT client the best opportunity to portion their narrative about t heir calling and life in their ain words. Following, the counsellor and client collaborate to deconstruct the cultural narrations of gender and heterosexism that promote negative messages and replace them with a more accurate and confirming narrative ( Neary, 2010 ) . In the instance of personal disfavor to LGBT persons, ONeil et. al. , ( 2008 ) advised that counsellors refer the client to another professional, receive go oning instruction and supervising, and engage in personal geographic expedition of the subject as a agency to fix for future clients with similar concerns. The calling counsellor s ability to supply effectual services to their LGBT clients will be improved by remaining current with the relevant literature ( ONeil et. al. , 2008 ) . Career counsellors are encouraged to assist better cultural sensitiveness where their clients are concerned ; this can be achieved by utilizing appropriate names, pronouns and other nomenclature preferred by their LGBT clients to assist formalize their individuality. Career counsellors should besides do it a point to educate themselves about the different legal issues experienced by their clients and look into any written workplace policies that may keep relevancy to LGBT persons, such as the Employment Non-Discrimination Act ( ONeil et. al. , 2008 ; Human Rights Campaign ) . Further, calling counsellors should place and go to to all of the outstanding facets of the client s individuality, as clients may place themselves with an array of sociocultural backgrounds. This is particularly of import for transgender clients who non merely endure favoritism in the workplace, but in about every facet of their lives: instruction, lodging, public adjustments, having update designation paperss, and wellness attention ( Ramos, Badgett, A ; Sears, 2011 ) . Pope ( 1995 ) as cited in Gedro ( 2009 ) outlined four utile intercessions for calling counsellors working in their work with sexual minorities. Pope suggests a treatment about favoritism intercessions ( researching the nature and extent of favoritism and any resources available to the client should he or she chose to alter their occupation or calling ) , dual-career twosomes ( e.g. , Do you openly reveal the relationship at work? ) , get the better ofing internalized transphobia or homophobia with the client ( many sexual minority clients possess an intense self-hatred and abhorrence ) , every bit good as back uping LGBT function theoretical accounts ( peculiarly those who do non work in safe business ) . Finally, calling counsellors are besides strongly encouraged to function as advocators for their LGBT clients. One writer noted that a failing in the field is the reluctance or inability to see career counsellors as alteration agents who can assist non merely persons to alter but systems to alter every bit good ( Hanson, 2003 as cited in ONeil, 2008, p. 299 ) . Neary ( 2010 ) cited Muniz and Thomas ( 2006 ) five schemes in organisation scenes that career counsellors can utilize to assist cultivate an affirmatory LGBT work environment. They include: 1 ) puting up the context advocating in the workplace for anti-discrimination and torment policies, 2 ) preparing for opposition taking stairss to do the concerns and demands of the LGBT population more seeable, 3 ) leading committedness gaining committedness and support from the leadership/management of organisation, 4 ) going familiar with or establishing affinity and/or resource groups for LGBT individuals, and 5 ) continued larni ng extra diverseness preparation ( Neary, 2010 ) . The Human Rights Campaign Foundation provides a 5-step checklist for recommending for the rights of transgender individuals, and the NCTE s list of 52 Thingss You Can Make for Transgender Equity, is besides a utile usher for originating societal protagonism ( ONeil, et. al. , 2008 ) .

10 Facts Worth Knowing About Noah Webster

10 Facts Worth Knowing About Noah Webster Born in West Hartford, Connecticut on October 16, 1758, Noah Webster is best known today for his magnum opus, An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828). But as David Micklethwait reveals in Noah Webster and the American Dictionary (McFarland, 2005), lexicography wasnt Websters only great passion, and the dictionary wasnt even his best-selling book. By way of introduction, here are 10 facts worth knowing about the great American lexicographer Noah Webster. During his first career as a schoolteacher at the time of the American Revolution, Webster was concerned that most of his students textbooks came from England. So in 1783 he published his own American text, A Grammatical Institute of the English Language. The â€Å"Blue-Backed Speller,† as it was popularly known, went on to sell nearly 100 million copies over the next century.Webster subscribed to the biblical account of the origin of language, believing that all languages derived from Chaldee, an Aramaic dialect.Though he fought for a strong federal government, Webster opposed plans to include a Bill of Rights in the Constitution. Liberty is never secured with such paper declarations, he wrote, nor lost for want of them.Even though he himself borrowed shamelessly from Thomas Dilworths New Guide to the English Tongue (1740) and Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English Language (1755), Webster fought vigorously to protect his own work from plagiarists. His efforts led to the c reation of the first federal copyright laws in 1790. In 1793 he founded one of New York Citys first daily newspapers, American Minerva, which he edited for four years.Websters Compendious Dictionary of the English Language (1806), a forerunner of An American Dictionary, sparked a war of the dictionaries with rival lexicographer Joseph Worcester. But Worcesters Comprehensive Pronouncing and Explanatory English Dictionary didnt stand a chance. Websters work, with 5,000 words not included in British dictionaries and with definitions based on the usage of American writers, soon became the recognized authority.In 1810, he published a booklet on global warming titled â€Å"Are Our Winters Getting Warmer?†Although Webster is credited for introducing such distinctive American spellings as color, humor, and center (for British colour, humour, and centre), many of his innovative spellings (including masheen for machine and yung for young) failed to catch on. See Noah Websters Plan to Reform English Spelling.Webster was one of the principa l founders of Amherst College in Massachusetts. In 1833 he published his own edition of the Bible, updating the vocabulary of the King James Version and cleansing it of any words that he thought might be considered offensive, especially for females. In 1966, Websters restored birthplace and childhood home in West Hartford was reopened as a museum, which you can visit online at the Noah Webster House West Hartford Historical Society. After the tour, you may feel inspired to browse through the original edition of Websters American Dictionary of the English Language.

Immigrant Communities and the Trajectories of Othering Essay

Immigrant Communities and the Trajectories of Othering - Essay Example According to another of my writing pieces, the Social Security Administration affirms the illegal immigrants benefit American society. The immigrants pay taxes. The employers automatically withhold the taxes from the illegal immigrants. Lastly, the illegal immigrants buy U.S. goods and services. Accordingly, my other writing piece states the Hmong farmer ethnic race suffers from immigration hardships. Laos’ war-expelled Hmong people travelled around the world. The people suffer from not having a legitimate country. The U.S. immigration law favors the Hmong people (Yang 271). According to my other writing piece, immigrants do their best to be accepted by the U.S. society. The constitution protects the non-citizens. The dominant American population needs cheap labor. The constitution understands’ the plight of immigrants trying to escape from their home country’s life-threatening society, while sending money back home to their families (Mummert 7). According to my other writing piece, immigrants continue facing challenges trying to fit into American society. Immigrants try to be accepted by the new country’s residents. Oppression forces the immigrants to necessarily comply with the American society’s standards. The immigrants’ are forced to accept low wages. According to student Anna Sepeda’s research, othering includes affirming gender discrimination and race discrimination are realistically prevalent over the immigrant population. Sepeda correctly indicates immigrants usually start on the same footing (Mcintosh 91). Sepeda admits immigrants go through unbearable racial and gender discrimination in the new home. The immigration border patrol exercises selective race and gender discrimination. According to student Jake Helmandollar’s research, our nations’ immigration policies are tainted with racial and class issues (Clayton 261). Helmandollar affirms that the

Has Americas foreign policy been successful in the Middle East Research Paper

Has Americas foreign policy been successful in the Middle East - Research Paper Example The foreign policy of America represents the ways of interacting with different overseas nations of the world along with setting standards for interacting with the individual citizens, corporations and organizations. The prime goal of the US foreign policy is to establish a secure, prosperous and democratic world, which would serve beneficial for the people of America and others as well as who belong to various international countries. In this context, the US has separated foreign policies for the Middle East countries that determine its relation in terms of carrying out effective trade and foreign relations with the same. The strategic interest of the US over the Middle East countries is the major reason behind the formulation and the execution of the foreign policies. Justifiably, Middle East nations have huge deposits of oil and therefore acquiring this product is the main strategic interest of the US. The US foreign policy for the Middle East gained its significance after the end of World War II. During the Cold War, the American foreign policy aimed at preventing the anti-communist regimes of Soviet Union towards the Arab countries (Dow Jones & Company, 2015). However, after the attack of 9/11 in the year 2001, the US foreign policy started concentrating on addressing and mitigating anti-terrorism related activities (Johnson, 2015). The US possesses diplomatic relations with different Middle East countries apart from Iran, as this nation once went with anti-American regime in the year 1979 (Chomsky, 2010).

New Economic Policy Failure

New Economic Policy Failure During World War I, Tsar Nicholas II made the terrible mistake of commanding Russias grand army by himself, and allowing Grigori Rasputin to give personal advice on how to direct it. Most mistakes made from then on out were blamed on Nicholas II by the people, and it was deemed time for change. In early 1917, tensions within the population led Nicholas II to abdicate and flee the country and a provisional government was put in place (BBC Lenin). The Germans saw this as an opportunity to get rid of Russia as an opponent and decided to send Vladimir Lenin, a member of the Soviet Communist Party, into power. The provisional government was quickly overthrown and Lenin was installed into power during the October Revolution through the Germans and the Bolsheviks. After signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the population became outraged that they lost so much land after exiting the war. A civil war erupted because of this, and in the chaos, Tsar Nicholas II was executed. Lenin saw that Rus sia was in a state of turmoil after exiting World War I and silencing the civil war, so he was determined to fix the economy. After the civil war, Lenin revised the economic policies and introduced the New Economic Policy (BBC The NEP). The imposition of the New Economic Policy in 1921 incorporated western economic ideas, such as peasants controlling businesses, causing Russia to depend more on its agricultural sector and in turn, brought it back to its pre-war state. (it incorporated western economic ideas, which were ultimately unsuccessful in raising russia from its prewar state) When Lenin first took power in 1918, Russia was in what he called a state of War Communism (Carr 147). He toyed with this system at first, and eventually decided to drop it due to peasents and workers revolting in the Tambov and Kronstadt Rebellions. In 1920, he declared that, We must show the peasants that the organisation of industry on the basis of modern, advanced technology, on electrification, which will provide a link between town and country, will put an end to the division between town and country, will make it possible to raise the level of culture in the countryside and to overcome, even in the most remote corners of land, backwardness, ignorance, poverty, disease, and barbarism (Lenin). Also in 1920, agricultural output had been reduced to only half of its pre-World War I level, foreign trade had decreased, and industrial production had fallen to only a small fraction of its pre-war levels. The peasants were the basis of the people, or the proletariat according to Carl Marx, and Lenin deemed it necessary to start with the lowest class to ensure that everyone grasps the new ideals that he was going to impose. The current leaders of the economy, as exclaimed by Lenin, were the bourgeois. In order to thwart their rule, Lenin revised the War Communism policies, and produced the New Economic Policy. In accordance with Marxs views, Lenin thought that, capitalism is a system based on the exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie. This exploitation takes place as follows: the workers, who own no means of production of their own, must use the means of production that are property of others in order to produce, and, consequently, earn their living (Carr 270). The New Economic Policy was instituted on March 21, 1921. The first eight months of the transition from War Communism to the NEP failed to displace the bourgeois to install the socialist economic order. It almost seemed as if the main goal of the policy at the time was to get the bourgeois out of power, and that the policy wasnt really formulated for the long run (Carr 269). This new policy was stepping away from the communist ideals of earlier periods in Russia. The Bolsheviks didnt approve of this policy made by Lenin, as they thought it was stretching communist ideals (Carr 156). Many of the Bolsheviks ended up leaving the government because of this, but Lenin held his position, and continued on with the imposition. The NEP was thought to be a new agricultural policy as well. The Bolsheviks viewed traditional village life as conservative and backward (Carr 152). The old way of village life was reminiscent of the Tsarist Russia that had supposedly been thrown out with the October Revolution. With the NEP, methods were put in place which promoted the pursuit by peasants of their self-interests. However, the government only allowed private landholdings because the idea of collectivized farming had met with much opposition. The practice of collectivized farming was when the government wouldnt collect tax in the shape of money from the proletariat, but they would be required to give the leaders a portion of their crop. The NEP stated that requisitioning of food and agricultural surpluses, a ideal of War Communism, must be ended. Instead, the government would tax the peasants on a fixed percentage of their production. Trotsky had already proposed a similar policy, but it was rejected by his fellow colleagues, including Lenin. Basically, this promoted a free agricultural market in Russia. With the free agricultural market came a great toll on the people of Russia. The Soviet authorities were constantly preoccupied with the danger that supplies of food to the towns and the army and of agricultural raw materials to industry would be inadequate. On the other hand, the persistent efforts of the same authorities to increase the share of resources available to industry constantly threatened the economic basis of the relationship between the regime and the peasantry. The Soviet authorities were right in the end. Prices for industry made products such as metals, tools, etc., skyrocketed to over 250% of their value before World War One was started. This in turn caused a major split between the prices of industrial products and agricultural products which caused a major food shortage due to farmers not being able to buy supplies and tools to produce crops. Like the blades of a pair of scissors, the terms of trade between town and country began to diverge in 1923 in favor of the mainly state-run industrial economy and at the expense of rural consumers. The reason for the Scissors Crisis was that agricultural production had rebounded quickly from the devastating famine of 1921 while industrial infrastructure was relatively slow to recover from the Civil Wars destruction. Thus, whereas textile production, essential to providing cloth to mass consumers, was only 26 percent of the pre-war level in 1922, agriculture reached 75 percent. By October 1923 when the crisis reached its peak, industrial prices were 276% of pre-war/1913 levels, while agricultural prices were only 89%. At this point, the state took vigorous action to make the producers prices go down. Costs were reduced by cutting staffs in industry. As a result of these measures as well as the success of the newly established Peoples Commissariat of Trade in making inroads into areas previously dependent on NEPmen, the scissors began to close. By April 1924 the agricultural price index had risen slightly to 92% and the industrial index had fallen to 131%. When the Scissors Crisis ended in 1923, Lenin became ill with a stroke, and died in late 1924. Stalin took over, and wiped out the New Economic Policy and instituted his Five Year Plans, showing that the economic policies provided by Lenin had little impact on the future of Russia. Also, as a result of the Scissor Crisis, the government corrected the industrial and agricultural parts of the economy, dragging their cost back down to pre-war times. The economic state within Russia depended on collective farming and free market farming, and how those two parts of agriculture did as a whole. With the reliance on the agricultural sector controlling the economy, the New Economic Policy imposed by Lenin ultimately failed in the sense of industrializing Russia.

Frankenstein and Prometheus Essay

Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein can be compared to the myth Prometheus by J.M Hunt in several ways. Frankenstein and Prometheus both created life in their own way and faced consequences that they had not expected to encounter although they differed in that Frankenstein abandoned his creation and abhorred him whereas Prometheus wanted to help and care for his creation. Both Frankenstein and Prometheus developed creations easily but did not realize the consequences behind it. In the novel Frankenstein Victor always wanted to understand the cause of life and death and he set his mind into finding the answer. â€Å"I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feet (Shelley 58). Victor was excited to understand that what he has created was the answer to his problems. Prometheus also felt the same way when he was creating his creation. Prometheus had the task to create man. â€Å"Prometheus had the tas k to create man. â€Å"Prometheus shaped man out of mud, and Athena breathed life into his clay figure (Legend of Prometheus). Prometheus’ task in creating life was easy, as for Frankenstein it was much harder as he spent months creating it. With the goal of creating life they both faced consequences because of their actions. Frankenstein and Prometheus ended up with severe consequences when they had created life. When Victor left Geneva for Ingolstadt an incident had occurred. Once day he received a letter from his father. â€Å"William is dead! That sweet child, whose smiled delighted and warmed my heart, who was so gentle, yet so gay! Victor, he is murdered! (Shelley 73). When Victor had read the letter he was shocked. Upon returning to Geneva he realized the monster had murdered his brother. Prometheus also faced consequences when he created man. When Zeus discovered that Prometheus lied to him he took fire away from man. Prometheus then lit a torch from the su and brought ti back again to man. Zeus was enraged and punished Prometheus. â€Å"Take [Prometheus] to the Caucasus Mountains and chain him to a rock with unbreakable adamant chains. Here he was tormented day and night by a giant eagle learing at his liver (Legend of Prometheus). The pain wouldn’t end for Prometheus because his liver would grow back again. Frankenstein and Prometheus faced consequences that ended in Frankenstein losing his loved one Prometheus being physically tortured day and night. Despite their punishment, Frankenstein exhibited actions that led him to become a bad creator, and Prometheus showing qualities of being a good creator. Frankenstein fathered his monster with his own hands. He labored for years in order to successfully breathe life into his creature. Then later once it was alive he abhorred him. When the monster was alive Frankenstein said â€Å"Oh! no mortal could support the horror of that countenance†¦ [Frankenstein] passed the night wretchedly†¦ Mingled with this horror [Frankenstein] felt the bitterness o f disappointment† (Shelley 59). This shows that all he wants to do with he creation is run away from it and to never see it again. Although Prometheus showed different qualities towards his monster. Prometheus fought to protect the human being he had given life to. â€Å"Prometheus lit a torch from the sun and brought I back again to man† (Legend of Prometheus). All he had tried to do was help his creation. Frankenstein and Prometheus differed because Frankenstein tried to hurt and abandon his creation but Prometheus did the opposite to his creation. Frankensten can be compared to the myth of Promethheus in many ways. When both are read the reader can infer many clear similarities between the two. Both Prometheus and Frankenstein faced consequences but treated their creations in different ways.

Comparing the Powerful Women in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls...

Comparing the Powerful Women in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Susan Glaspells Trifles Throughout history, a womans role is to be an obedient and respectful wife. Her main obligation is to support, serve, and live for her husband and children. In Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Susan Glaspells Trifles, two different women make a decision to take matters into their own hands by doing what they want to do, no matter what the outcome may be and in spite of what society thinks. These two women come from different homes and lead very different lives yet, these two women share similar situations--both are victims, both are seeking individuality, and initially, both women end up alone. There are many ways that Nora and†¦show more content†¦Mr. Wright is controlling, and possibly physically abusive. This is evident when Mrs. Peters finds the birdcage with one hinge [. . .] pulled apart(983). Other evidence that Mr. Wright is (verbally) abusive is when Mrs. Hale states: She [Mrs. Wright] used to sing. He [Mr. Wright] killed that too(985). Noras husband, To rvald, never took her seriously, saying: Here we go again, you and your frivolous ideas!(918). Torvald is also (verbally) abusive, when enraged he says you think and talk like a stupid child(964). Similarly, Mr. Hale does not take women seriously and he is quick to judge, saying women are used to worrying over trifles(980). It is obvious that men in this day thought very little of women. This lack of positive attention that both women received pushed them even further to leave. The second way that Nora and Mrs. Wright are similar is that both are seeking freedom, self worth, and happiness in life. They are seeking individuality. When Nora realizes that she must become independent, she states: If Im ever to reach any understanding of myself and the things around me, I must learn to stand alone(963). Before leaving, Nora also states: I believe that first and foremost I am an individual, [. . . ] or at least Im going to try to be(963). Nora decides that she can no longer live unhappily with a man that is merely a stranger(965). Furthermore, Mrs. Wright tries to reclaim her happy spirits by buying a canary.